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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing?
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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing (1998)(Marshall Media)[Mac-PC].iso
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00231_Field_frep119a.txt
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1996-12-30
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The histograms summarizing
some of the results in monkeys
can be seen in the three graphs
to the left. The left graph shows
the severe effects of a six-week
closure done at five days;
almost no cells could be driven
from the eye that was closed. A
much briefer early closure
(middle graph) also gave severe
effects, but clearly not quite as
severe as the longer closure. At
four months the susceptibility
begins to wane, so much so that
even a closure of five years'
duration, as shown in the
righthand graph, although
giving pronounced effects, is no
match for the results of the
earlier closure.
Left: The left eye is almost
completely dominant in a
monkey whose right eye was
sutured closed at an age of five
days, for six weeks. Middle: A
closure of only a few days in a
monkey a few weeks old is
enough to produce a marked
shift in ocular dominance.
Darker shading indicates the
number of abnormal cells.
Right: If the closure of the
monkey's eye is delayed until
age four months, even a very
long closure (in this case five
years) results in an eye-
dominance shift that is far less
marked than that resulting
from a brief closure at an age of
a few weeks.
In these studies of the time
course of the sensitive period,
cats and monkeys gave very
similar results. In the monkey,
the sensitive period began
earlier, at birth rather than at
four weeks, and lasted longer,
gradually tapering off over the
first year instead of at around
four months. It reached its peak
in the first two weeks of life,
during which even a few days of
closure was enough to give a
marked shift in ocular
dominance. Closing the eye of
an adult monkey produced no
ill effects, regardless of the
duration of closure. In one
adult monkey, we closed an eye
for four years, with no
blindness, cortical deficit, or
geniculate-cell shrinkage.